We propose two neural network based and data-driven supply and demand models to analyze the efficiency, identify service gaps, and determine the significant predictors of demand, in the bus system for the Department of Public Transportation (HDPT) in Harrisonburg City, Virginia, which is the home to James Madison University (JMU). The supply and demand models, one temporal and one spatial, take many variables into account, including the demographic data surrounding the bus stops, the metrics that the HDPT reports to the federal government, and the drastic change in population between when JMU is on or off session. These direct and data-driven models to quantify supply and demand and identify service gaps can generalize to other cities' bus systems. Keywords-- transportation systems, bus systems, public transportation, direct ridership models, data driven models, mathematical modeling, neural networks, machine learning, supply models, demand models, machine learning, service gaps, social vulnerability, public transportation access, GIS data, data science, data quality.

The influx of hedonic online services (including video streaming, social media, video games) has created rather fierce competition for people's attention, in what is termed the "attention economy--in which every minute of attention and engagement tech companies can "squeeze" out of users counts. To compete in this environment, tech companies, intentionally or unintentionally, have adapted practices that have capitalized on varying features of human decision making and brain physiology to cultivate automatic, and uninterrupted use.4 There is a body of evidence--growing yet debated--suggesting that when some technologies are used excessively, the use can interfere with normal functioning, such as with sleep, physical activity, and school performance.12 What's more, populations such as children and adolescents may be susceptible to excessive use,2 although age related prevalence issues have not always been made clear. We say the evidence is debated because some studies suggest that excessive use may be related to prior mental illness rather than to the technology itself.6

Think your kid is addicted to video games? There could be something to it. The World Health Organization has made video game addiction an official mental health disorder. The Geneva, Switzerland-headquartered organization has added "Gaming disorder" to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems or "ICD-11," which goes into effect in January 2022. The condition has been included in the global medical guide within a section detailing disorders due to substance use or addictive behaviors along with "Gambling disorder." The ICD-11 describes "Gaming disorder" as recurrent video game playing that leads to "impaired control over gaming" and an "increasing priority given to gaming to the extent that gaming takes precedence over other life interests and daily activities," despite "the occurrence of negative consequences."

The World Health Organization says that compulsively playing video games now qualifies as a new mental health condition, in a move that some critics warn may risk stigmatizing too many young players. While it's hard for some investors to wrap their arms around the significance of gaming, the short answer is it is massive and expected to continue to exhibit huge growth for years to come. Can someone truly be addicted to video games? The World Health Organization thinks so – but a major professional organization for psychiatrists strongly disagrees. The World Health Organization on Monday classified "gaming disorder" as a diagnosable condition, giving mental health professionals a basis for setting up treatment and identifying risks for the addictive behavior.

As always for a presidential inaugural, security and surveillance were extremely tight in Washington, DC, last January. But as George W. Bush prepared to take the oath of office, security planners installed an extra layer of protection: a prototype software system to detect a biological attack. The U.S. Department of Defense, together with regional health and emergency-planning agencies, distributed a special patient-query sheet to military clinics, civilian hospitals and even aid stations along the parade route and at the inaugural balls. Software quickly analyzed complaints of seven key symptoms-from rashes to sore throats-for patterns that might indicate the early stages of a bio-attack. There was a brief scare: the system noticed a surge in flulike symptoms at military clinics.